Soil Erosion Rate and Surface Run Off on Various Forms of Culture
Journal of Experimental Agriculture International,
Page 123-131
DOI:
10.9734/jeai/2022/v44i930857
Abstract
Cultivation is one of the agricultural systems that is mostly carried out by forest village communities living in and around the watershed area by slashing, cutting and burning forest trees. This study aimed to determine the rate of erosion and runoff from the cultivation type in Olonjonge sub-watershed, Dolago watershed, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.The method used was a multislot divisor on a plot measuring 2 m x 15 m with 3 repetitions on 3 types of cultivation (peanut, corn and cocoa monoculture (3 years old) on land with a steep slope (25-40%). The largest surface runoff came from peanut land at 79,689.77 liters ha-1 followed by corn at 65,704.55 liters ha-1 and the smallest from cocoa monoculture (3 years old) at 56,385.23 liters ha-1, while the highest erosion occurred at peanut land area of 195.52 kg ha-1 followed by corn field of 165.26 kg ha-1, and cocoa monoculture (3 years old) of kg ha-1. Cocoa planting was more effective in protecting the soil from rain with the potential to protect the soil from erosion and surface runoff.
Keywords:
- Soil erosion
- surface runoff
- cultivation
- watershed
How to Cite
Rachman, I., & Naharuddin, N. (2022). Soil Erosion Rate and Surface Run Off on Various Forms of Culture. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 44(9), 123-131. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2022/v44i930857
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Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.05.007
28. Martínez E, Fuentes JP, Silva P, Valle S, Acevedo E. Soil physical properties and wheat root growth as affected by no-tillage and conventional tillage systems in a Mediterranean environment of Chile. Soil and Tillage Research. 2008;99(2):232–244.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.02.001
2. Arunyawat S, Shrestha R. Assessing Land Use Change and Its Impact on Ecosystem Services in Northern Thailand. Sustainability. 2016;8(8):768. Available:https://doi.org/10.3390/su8080768
3. Fu Y, Li G, Zheng T, Zhao Y, Yang M. Fragmentation of soil aggregates induced by secondary raindrop splash erosion. CATENA. 2020;185:104342. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104342
4. Xu L, Zhang D, Proshad R, Chen Y, Huang T, Ugurlu A. Effects of soil conservation practices on soil erosion and the size selectivity of eroded sediment on cultivated slopes. Journal of Mountain Science. 2021;18(5):1222–1234.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-020-6569-2
5. Chalise D, Kumar L, Kristiansen P. Land Degradation by Soil Erosion in Nepal: A Review. Soil Systems. 2019;3(1):12.
Available:https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems3010012
6. Scholten T, Seitz S. Soil Erosion and Land Degradation. Soil Systems. 2019;3(4):68.
Available:https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems3040068
7. Issaka, S., & Ashraf, M. A. Impact of soil erosion and degradation on water quality: A review. Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes. 2017;1(1),1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/24749508.2017.1301053
8. Senanayake S, Pradhan B, Huete A, Brennan J. Assessing Soil Erosion Hazards Using Land-Use Change and Landslide Frequency Ratio Method: A Case Study of Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka. Remote Sensing. 2020;12(9):1483.
Available:https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12091483
9. Kinnell PI. A. Raindrop-impact-induced erosion processes and prediction: A review. Hydrological Processes. 2005;19(14):2815–2844.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.5788
10. Lu J, Zheng F, Li G, Bian F, An J. The effects of raindrop impact and runoff detachment on hillslope soil erosion and soil aggregate loss in the Mollisol region of Northeast China. Soil and Tillage Research. 2016;161:79–85.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2016.04.002
11. Luo J, Zhou X, Rubinato M, Li G, Tian Y, Zhou J. Impact of Multiple Vegetation Covers on Surface Runoff and Sediment Yield in the Small Basin of Nverzhai, Hunan Province, China. Forests. 2020;11(3):329.
Available:https://doi.org/10.3390/f11030329
12. Bashagaluke JB, Logah V, Opoku A, Sarkodie-Addo J, Quansah C. Soil nutrient loss through erosion: Impact of different cropping systems and soil amendments in Ghana. PLOS ONE. 2018;13(12):e0208250.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208250
13. Wang W, Wu X, Yin C, Xie X. Nutrition loss through surface runoff from slope lands and its implications for agricultural management. Agricultural Water Management. 2019;212:226–231.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2018.09.007
14. Harijanto H. Study of soil erosion in the Olonjonge sub-watershed, Parigi Moutong district. Journal Forest Sains. 2012;10(1):56–76.
15. Adidja M, Majaliwa J, Tenywa M, Bashwira S, Adipala E. Initial Efficiency of Commonly Used Practices to Control Soil, Runoff and Nutrient Losses from Maize and Banana Based Systems in the Lake Kivu Basin. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International. 2018;23(6):1-13.
16. Donovan M, Monaghan R. Impacts of grazing on ground cover, soil physical properties and soil loss via surface erosion: A novel geospatial modelling approach. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021;287:112206.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.Jenvman. 2021;112206
17. Schwab GO, Frerert RK, Edminster TW, Barnes, KK. Soil and Water Conservation Engineering (Third Edition). 1997. John Wiley & Sons.
18. Ibrahim HM, Alghamdi AG. Effect of the Particle Size of Clinoptilolite Zeolite on Water Content and Soil Water Storage in a Loamy Sand Soil. Water. 2021;13(5):607.
Available:https://doi.org/10.3390/w13050607
19. Erbach DC. Measurement of Soil Bulk Density and Moisture. Transactions of the ASAE. 1987; 30(4):0922–0931.
Available:https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30500
20. Mohammad AG, Adam MA. The impact of vegetative cover type on runoff and soil erosion under different land uses. CATENA. 2010;81(2):97–103.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2010.01.008
21. Naharuddin, Rukmi, Wulandari, R., & Paloloang, A. K. Surface runoff and erosion from agroforestry land use types. Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences. 2018; 28(3), 875–882.
22. Dunne T, Zhang W, Aubry BF. Effects of Rainfall, Vegetation, and Microtopography on Infiltration and Runoff. Water Resources Research. 1991;27(9):2271–2285.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1029/91WR01585
23. Quinton JN, Edwards GM, Morgan RPC. The influence of vegetation species and plant properties on runoff and soil erosion: Results from a rainfall simulation study in south east Spain. Soil Use and Management. 1997;13(3):143–148.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00575.
24. Loannisa S, Saidi A, Fiantis D. Impact of Cover Crops on Reducing the Potential Erosion in Agricultural Land. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies. 2019;12(2):152–161.
25. Geddes N, Dunkerley D. The influence of organic litter on the erosive effects of raindrops and of gravity drops released from desert shrubs. CATENA. 1999;36(4):303–313.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0341-8162(99)00050-8
26. Maitima JM, Olson JM, Mugatha SM, Mugisha S, Mutie IT. Land use changes, impacts and options for sustaining productivity and livelihoods in the basin of lake Victoria. Journal of sustainable development in Africa. 2010;12(3):1520-5509.
27. Wu Y, Ouyang W, Hao Z, Lin C, Liu H, Wang Y. Assessment of soil erosion characteristics in response to temperature and precipitation in a freeze-thaw watershed. Geoderma. 2018;328:56– 65.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.05.007
28. Martínez E, Fuentes JP, Silva P, Valle S, Acevedo E. Soil physical properties and wheat root growth as affected by no-tillage and conventional tillage systems in a Mediterranean environment of Chile. Soil and Tillage Research. 2008;99(2):232–244.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.02.001
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