Diallel Cross Analysis in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.): Identification of the Best Parents and Hybrids for Resistance to Bolting and Cercospora Leaf Spot in Sugar Beet Monogerm O-type Lines
Mohsen Niazian *
Department of Plant Breeding, College of Aboureyhan, University of Tehran, Iran
Khodadad Mostafavi
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Seyed Habib Shojaei
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Elaheh Fayyaz
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Bauali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Ali Shahbazi
Department of Horticultural Crop Production, Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: In order to identify the best parents and hybrids for resistance to Bolting and Cercospora leaf spot 9 sugar beet O-type lines in format method of Diallel 9×9 were crossed.
Study design: 9 Sugar beet O-type lines in format method of 9×9 4 Diallel crossing was performed using II Griffing's method were crossed and with four control treatments in a triple lattice design with three replicates.
Place and Duration of Study: Safiabad Agricultural Research Center, Dezful, Iran during 2008-2009 growing season.
Methodology: Analysis of combining ability by using Griffing's method II Diallel crossing scheme after elimination of the control treatments. KWS scale from 1 to 9 (1= healthy plants and 9 = maximum injury) was used to estimation of resistance to Cercospora disease.
Results: General combining ability of O-types was significant for potassium, alpha amino nitrogen and alkalinity at 1% and for resistance to Bolting and Cercospora, molassed sugar, root yield, sugar yield and white sugar yield at 5% probability levels. Also, specific combining ability was significant for resistance to Bolting, potassium, root yield and sugar yield at 1% and for resistance to Cercospora and white sugar yield at 5% probability levels.
Conclusion: Additive and non-additive gene effects control the expression of resistance to Cercospora and white sugar yield. Also, resistance to Bolting was found to be mainly determined by the non-additive gene effects. The best parent and hybrid for resistance to Cercospora were RR607 and RR607 × 452, respectively. Furthermore, the best parent and hybrid for resistance to Bolting were 7173-36 and 436 × 436, respectively. Also the best parent for double resistance to Cercospora and bolting were RR607 and RR607×436 and RR607×7112-36 is the best hybrids.
Keywords: Sugar beet, Cercospora, double resistance, general combining ability, specific combining ability