Performance of Sunflower Hybrids Cultivated in Different Sowing Seasons in Mato Grosso, Brazil
Flávio Carlos Dalchiavon *
Department of Agronomy, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso/IFMT, 78360-000, Campo Novo do Parecis - MT, Brazil
Marcelo José Marchesini
Department of Agronomy, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso/IFMT, 78360-000, Campo Novo do Parecis - MT, Brazil
Anderson Morais Kimecz
Department of Agronomy, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso/IFMT, 78360-000, Campo Novo do Parecis - MT, Brazil
Diego Hahn Machado
Department of Agronomy, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso/IFMT, 78360-000, Campo Novo do Parecis - MT, Brazil
Claudio Guilherme Portela de Carvalho
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Soybean, 86001-970, Londrina - PR, Brazil
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of five sunflower hybrids during two sowing seasons in Campo Novo do Parecis, the main sunflower producing municipality of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The trials were sown in March 2016 (second summer crop) and October 2017 (main summer crop) in a completely randomised block design with five hybrids (ACA 869, ACA 889, 13P30, 15P29, SYN 045) and five replicates. The hybrids showed higher achene yield in the second summer crop due to their lower incidence of Alternaria leaf spot. This increase was reflected in the largest number of achenes per head and mass of a thousand achenes. The hybrids SYN 045, 15P29, ACA 869 and ACA 889 showed satisfactory achene yield in the second summer crop. The SYN 045 hybrid presented higher values for shoot dry mass and shoot green mass in the two sowing seasons and therefore greater potential for silage. The cultivation of sunflower hybrids in the main summer crop in Campo Novo do Parecis (MT) may show low achene yield when satisfactory control of the Alternaria leaf spot is not established.
Keywords: Achece yield, Helianthus annuus, second summer crop