Use of Maize Straw or Animal Manure as an Alternative to Gypsum to Ameliorate Saline-Sodic Soils
Kennedy Nascimento Jesus
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1000, CEP 50740-540, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Tiago Diniz Althoff
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1000, CEP 50740-540, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Aldrin Martin Pérez Marin
Instituto Nacional do Semiárido, INSA/MCT, Campina Grande-PB, CEP 58434-700, Brazil.
Antonio Raimundo Sousa
Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco, IPA, Av. General San Martin Recife-PE, CEP 50761-000, Brazil
Júlio Cesar Rodrigues Martins
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1000, CEP 50740-540, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Renisson Neponuceno Araújo Filho *
Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Rua Badejós, Lote 7, Chácaras 69/72, s/n - Zona Rural, CEP 77402-970, Gurupi, TO, Brazil.
Dario Costa Primo
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1000, CEP 50740-540, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Rômulo Simões Cesar Menezes
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1000, CEP 50740-540, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Antonio Celso Dantas Antonino
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1000, CEP 50740-540, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Everardo Valadares de Sá Barreto Sampaio
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1000, CEP 50740-540, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of the addition of animal manure or maize straw, combined or not with gypsum, on the recovery of the productive capacity of a Fluvic Entisol affected by salts cultivated with maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in PVC columns in a 10 x 4 factorial scheme, with ten treatments and four replicates (gypsum, 15 t ha-1 manure, 30 t ha-1 manure, 15 t ha-1 maize straw, 30 t ha-1 maize straw, 15 t ha-1 gypsum plus manure, 30 t ha-1 gypsum plus manure, 15 t ha-1 gypsum plus maize straw, 30 t ha-1 gypsum plus maize straw and control, no input) in a randomized block design. Soils that received maize straw increased both the soil water infiltration rate and the amount of salts leached at the bottom of the column compared to soils that received gypsum. However, maize straw reduced the growth of maize plants, probably due to the immobilization of nutrients. In soils that received 15 t ha-1 manure, the growth of maize plants was higher compared to soils that received gypsum, indicating that the application and organic inputs can improve soil physical conditions, reduce salinity and promote plant growth without the need for the acquisition of gypsum, which gives farmers more autonomy and reduces costs.
Keywords: Exchangeable sodium, manure, maize straw, fluvic entisol, Zea mays L.