Economic Analysis of Corn Culture in Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest System
Isabel Amalia Pereira Silva
State University of Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
Luciano Cavalcante Muniz
State University of Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
Carlos Augusto Rocha de Moraes Rego *
State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil
Ilka South de Lima Cantanhênde
Federal Institute of Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil.
Joaquim Bezerra Costa
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Cocais), São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil.
Juan López de Herrera
Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Raabe Alves Souza
State University of Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil.
Victor Roberto Ribeiro Reis
State University of Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
Eluardo de Oliveira Marques
Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Elimilton Pereira Brasil
State University of Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil.
Uelson Serra Garcia
Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: Aim was to analyze the economic viability of an integrated crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) system area, in the municipality of Pindaré-Mirim, State of Maranhão, Brazil, using the consortium of maize (Zea mays L.), forage species Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu and Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urograndis).
Study Design: Case study.
Place and Duration of Study: The work was developed in a Technological Reference Unit of ICLF of Embrapa Cocais, located in the municipality of Pindaré-Mirim - Maranhão, Brazil, between January 2016 and July 2017 and The experimental area was 3 ha, divided into three subareas: Treatment I - single corn planting; Treatment II – Barreirão system; and Treatment III - Santa Fé system.
Methods: In this work, the method of operational costs was used. The following economic performance measures were calculated: Gross income (GI), Gross margin (GM), Net margin (NM), Profit, Leveling point (LP) and Rates of return (RR). The economic indicators calculated were: Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Benefit-Cost Ratio (RBC). The data collected from the costs and revenues of each treatment were tabulated and treated with the help of Microsoft Office Excel.
Results: All the treatments presented a profit, being the Barreirão System the one that had better results, presenting P of 163 bags of maize ha-1, GI of US$ 1974, profit of US$ 780, LP in 99 bags, of 60 kg, of corn ha-1 and RR of 65.33%. Treatments I and III presented, respectively, P of 135 and 143 bags of maize ha-1, GI of US$ 1635 and US$ 1732, profit of US$ 504 and US$ 543, LP in 94 and 99 bags of corn ha-1 and RR of 44.63% and 45.67%.
Conclusion: The results obtained reinforce the importance of studying the economic feasibility of ICLF system to provide the investor with the conditions for better decision making.
Keywords: Economic indicators, economic viability, integrated production systems