Phytosociological Survey of Spontaneous Plants in the Culture of Agroecological Maize with Plants of Intercalar Coverage
Alexandra da Silva Martinez *
Center of Agricultural Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil.
Edleusa Pereira Seidel
Center of Agricultural Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil.
Renan Pan
Center of Agricultural Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil.
Tauane Santos Brito
Center of Agricultural Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil.
Wesler Meiners Caciano
Center of Agricultural Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The objective was to carry the phytosociological survey of spontaneous plants in the agroecological maize crop cultivated with intercalar cover plants in the summer and fall/winter harvest.
Study Design: The experimental design used was of randomized blocks with subdivided plots in the time 4x2x2, with 5 replicates.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in a farm, located in Missal – PR, managed in agroecological system since 2009.
Methodology: The crop modalities used were maize + pigeon pea, maize + showy rattlepod, maize + jack bean and monoculture (control), being evaluated during summer and fall/winter seasons, at 30 and 70 days after emergence. Frequency, abundance, and density of plants per linear meter and the importance value index (IVI) were determined in a 1 m² area.
Results: The specie Commelina benghalensis L. and Leonorus sibiricus L, were the plants with the highest IVI for the crop modalities maize + pigeon pea and maize + showy rattlepod.
Conclusion: The cultivation of maize with cover crops, mainly showy rattlepod, may be a recommended management to reduce spontaneous plants in maize in the agroecological system.
Aims: The objective was to carry the phytosociological survey of spontaneous plants in the agroecological maize crop cultivated with intercalar cover plants in the summer and fall/winter harvest.
Study Design: The experimental design used was of randomized blocks with subdivided plots in the time 4x2x2, with 5 replicates.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in a farm, located in Missal – PR, managed in agroecological system since 2009.
Methodology: The crop modalities used were maize + pigeon pea, maize + showy rattlepod, maize + jack bean and monoculture (control), being evaluated during summer and fall/winter seasons, at 30 and 70 days after emergence. Frequency, abundance, and density of plants per linear meter and the importance value index (IVI) were determined in a 1 m² area.
Results: The specie Commelina benghalensis L. and Leonorus sibiricus L, were the plants with the highest IVI for the crop modalities maize + pigeon pea and maize + showy rattlepod.
Conclusion: The cultivation of maize with cover crops, mainly showy rattlepod, may be a recommended management to reduce spontaneous plants in maize in the agroecological system.
Keywords: Cover crop, cultural management, consortium between plants, Zea mays.