A Study of the Effect of Phosphorous Solubilization by Microorganisms on Growing Plants Maize (Zea mays) in Adamawa, Cameroon
Ahmed Hamana
Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Regional Center of Maroua, Cameroon.
Ramatou Lady Amat
Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Regional Center of Maroua, Cameroon.
Wang-Bara Bertrand
Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Multipurpose Station of Agricultural Research of Garoua, Cameroon.
Kaouvon Philémon
Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Multipurpose Station of Agricultural Research of Garoua, Cameroon.
Amedep David
Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Regional Center of Maroua, Cameroon.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: Aims of this study was to improve the growth of Maize (Zea mays) in the Adamawa region specially characterized by Sudano-Guinean and Sudano-Sahelean Savannah area.
Localization of Site Study: Study was conducted out on Jun 2021 in Bini-Dang, in order to identify suitable strains of Microorganisms Solubilizing Phosphorus (MSP) of roots and rhizosphere of Zea mays. Ten strains of Microorganisms Solubilizing Phosphorus (MSP) of roots and rhizosphere of Zea mays were sampled.
Methodology: The experimental design was three blocks completely randomized with 132 plots. A total of 11 treatments were considered during the experiment. Different treatments are constituted: BN, NBB, BNB17, RBNBB5, SSL9, SDB6, RKB1, BG12, SDL4, RDB1 and Control) repeated 12 times. Parameters were: germination time, number of leaves, height of plants, diameter of stem, date of flowering and the number of cobs per plant.
Results: Our results showed that Bacteria solubilizing phosphorous was significantly (P<0.05) improve yields of plants compared to non-inoculated control in all treatments. Germination time, the number of leaves, the height of plants, the diameter of stem, the flowering and the number of cobs per plant were statistically (P<0.05) most important with uses of strains microorganisms solubilizing phosphorous in block 2, which received Natural Phosphorus (NP) and inoculated by Microorganisms Solubilizing Phosphorous in the block 3 (inoculated with MSP).
Conclusion: Strains of MSP improves the germination, growing and number of cobs per plants of Zea mays in solubilizing Natural Phosphorous (NP). The strains of MSP, BNB7, BNB17, RBNB5, BN and SDB6 were significantly most performants, compared to others strains effect on field. The MSP could be used as biological fertilizers by direct application on soils with Natural Phosphorous (NP).
Keywords: Microorganisms, rhizosphere, Zea mays, natural phosphate (PN), Adamawa
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Gagnon E, Beaulieu R. Use of phosphorus in starter fertilizers. Min. Approx. S.A.A.A.C. Quebec. 2002;26.
Demers I. Forms and availability of phosphorus in composts used as agricultural soil amendments. Master memory. Laval (Quebec). 2008;92.
Tokty. Characterization of phosphate-solubilizing rhizobia in Vigna unguiculata and Glycine Max in the Far North of Cameroon. Master memory. University of Ngaoundéré. 2012;47.
Mohamed H. New Environmental Alert: Phosphorus Depletion. 2012;2.
Gyaneshwar P, Kumar G, Naresh KPG, Parekh JL, Poole PS. Role of soil microorganisms in improving P nutrition of plants. Plant and Soil. 2002;245:83-93.
Ehrlich HL. Mikrobiolgische und Biochemische Verfahrenstechnik. In: Einsele A, Finn RK, Samhaber W, editors. Geomimicrobiology, 2nd ed. Weinhein; VCH Verlags Gesllschaft; 1990.
Bado BV. Roles of legumes on the fertility of tropical ferruginous soils in the Guinean and Sudanian zones of Burkina Faso. PhD. Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences. Laval-Quebec University (Canada). 2002;176.
Mihoub A. Dynamics of phosphorus in the soil-plant system under Saharan pedoclimatic conditions. Master's memoir. National School of Agronomics Algiers. 2012;119.
Abdourahamane INM, Kiari AS, Aissata IM, Oumani AA, Jens BA. Combined effects of increasing doses of chicken droppings associated with ash, mechanical placement and weeding and seed treatments on millet performance in Niger. Africa Science. 2020;17(2):67-82.
ISSN: 1813-548X. Available:http://www.afriquescience.net.
Gnamkoulamba A, Tounou AK, Tchao M, Tchabi A, Adjevi AKM, Batawila K. Field Evaluation of Growth Potential and Production of Rice (Oryza sativa (L.)) Variety IR841 Inoculated in the Nursery with Four Strains of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. European Scientific Journal Edition. 2018;14(12) ISSN: 1857-7881 (Print) e-ISSN 1857-7431.
Wang-Bara B, Kaouvon P, Housseini DJ, Alioum SP, Danra DD. Effects of Fertilization Based on Chicken Manures and Mycorrhiza on Vegetative Parameters and Phenological Stages of Sorghum bicolor in Yagoua, Far-North Cameroon. 2021;33(24):375-383. Article no. IJPSS.67170, ISSN: 2320-7035.
Dommergues Y, Duhoux E, Diem HG. Establishment and functioning of rhizobial symbioses. In: nitrogen-fixing trees: fundamental characteristics and role in the management of Mediterranean and tropical ecosystems with particular reference to sub-humid and arid zones. Editions spaces. 1999;34:1-31.
Huang GM, Zou YN, Wu QS, Xu YJ, Kuča K. Mycorrhizal roles in plant growth, gas exchange, root morphology, and nutrient uptake of walnuts. Plant, Soil and Environment. 2020;66:295-302.
Babana AH, Antoun H. Effect of Tilemsi phosphate rock-solubilizing microorganisms on phosphorus uptake and yield of field-grown wheat (Triticuma estivum L.) in Mali. Plantand Soil. Straw composted with rock phosphate. Biosource Technology. 2006;68:13-16.
Kucey RMN, Janzen HH, Leggett ME. Microbiology mediated increases in plant-available phosphorus. Adv. Agron. 1989; 42:199-223.
Rock C, Hani A, Kloepper WJ, Beauchamp JC. Root colonization of maize and lettuce by Bioluminescent Rhizobium Leguminosarum Biovar Phaseoli. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 1996; 2767-2772.
Chabot R, Antoun H, Cescas MP. Stimulation of the growth of corn and romaine lettuce by microorganisms dissolving inorganic phosphorus. Microbiology. 1993;39:941-947.
Rodriguez H, Fraga R. Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion. Biotech. Adv. 1999;17: 319-339.
Whitelaw MA. Growth promotion of plants inoculated with phosphate solubilizing fungi. Adv.in Agron. 2000;69:99-15.
Fankem H, Nwaga D, Deubel A, Dieng L, Merbach W, Etoa FX. Occurrence and functioning of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms from oil palm tree (Elaeis Guineensis) Rhizosphere in Cameroon. Afr. J. Biotecnol. 2006;5(24): 2450-2460.
Traoré L, Babana H, Sacko O, Yattara II, Antoun H, Lahbib M. Field promotion of growth, phosphorus absorption and yield of maize (Zea mays) by Bacillus strains isolated from the soils of Mali and Solubilizing Tilemsi Natural Phosphate. Rural Economy Notebooks N°. 2013;13: 1-22.
Graham JH, Abbott LK. Wheat responses to aggressive and non-aggressive Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi. Plant and Soil. 2000;220(1-2):207-218.
Graham JH, Timmer LW. Rock phosphate as a source of phosphorus for Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal development and growth of Citrus in a soilless medium. J Am Soc Hortic Sci. 1985;110:489-492.