Evaluation of Agronomic Performance and Fruit Quality of Four Genotypes of Bell Pepper under Greenhouse Conditions
Lorena Silvestre Castañeda
Centro de Capacitación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Semillas, Departamento de Fitomejoramiento, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro 1923, Saltillo, Coahuila, CP. 25315, México.
Neymar Camposeco Montejo *
Centro de Capacitación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Semillas, Departamento de Fitomejoramiento, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro 1923, Saltillo, Coahuila, CP. 25315, México.
Josué Israel García López
Centro de Capacitación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Semillas, Departamento de Fitomejoramiento, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro 1923, Saltillo, Coahuila, CP. 25315, México.
Antonio Flores Naveda
Centro de Capacitación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Semillas, Departamento de Fitomejoramiento, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro 1923, Saltillo, Coahuila, CP. 25315, México.
Norma Angélica Ruiz Torres
Centro de Capacitación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Semillas, Departamento de Fitomejoramiento, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro 1923, Saltillo, Coahuila, CP. 25315, México.
Xóchitl Ruelas Chacón
Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Saltillo, Coahuila, CP. 25315, México.
Juan Samuel J. G. Alcalá Rico
Campo Experimental las Huastcas-INIFAP. Carretera Tampico-Mante Km 55, Villa Cuahutemoc, Tamaulipas, CP. 89610, México.
Adriana Antonio Bautista
Centro de Capacitación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Semillas, Departamento de Fitomejoramiento, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro 1923, Saltillo, Coahuila, CP. 25315, México.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate agronomic performance of four pepper genotypes under greenhouse conditions, and to determine the nutritional content of their fruits.
Study Design: Was with the completely randomized model with four treatments (genotypes P-01, P-02, P-03 and P-04) and four repetitions each. The comparison of means was by Tukey ≤.05.
Place and Duration of Study: Experimental greenhouse "The Bajío” Buenavista, Plant Breeding Department of the Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro. between March 2021 to December 2021.
Methodology: Four genotypes of bell pepper were evaluated (P-01, P-02, P-03 and P-04), through the quantification and determination of morphological variables, yield, as well as the physicochemical and nutritional quality of the pepper fruits.
Results: Significant statistical differences were identified in the number of fruits per plant, highlighting P-03, P-04 with 13.81 and 13.53 fruits, in fruit length, the P-01 genotype exceeded the rest of the genotypes by more than 16.5 %. For physicochemical evaluations there were no significant differences, however, there was a 10 % increase in firmness and mesocarp thickness in the P-03 and P-04 genotypes. Regarding carotenoids, P-03 had 52 % more than the rest of the genotypes, the P-01 genotype stood out in antioxidant capacity with 6 and 15 % for ABTS and FRAP, while the P-02 genotype stood out in a 26 % for DDPH. The color of the fruits turned out to be yellow red, highlighting P-03 and P-02 in terms of luminosity.
Conclusion: Due to the length of the fruits, the genetic potential of the P-03 genotype could be exploited, while due to the number of fruits harvested per plant, the genotypes with the greatest potential are P-02 and P-04. The variables with differences between treatments can lead to the selection of genotypes of better commercial quality and greater fruit set.
Keywords: Capsicum annuum, yield, election, productive potential, nutraceutical