Nitrogen Uptake and Use Efficiency of Aerobic Rice as Affected by Different Nitrogen Management: A Review
Vaishali Singh
Department of Soil Science, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, India.
Chandrakant Chaubey *
Department of Soil Science, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, India.
Anil Kumar
P.G. Department of Chemistry, Sahibganj College Sahibganj -816109, Jharkhand, India.
Narinder Panotra
Institute of Biotechnology, SKUAST Jammu, J&K, India.
Apurba Mishra
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, SOADU, Bhubaneswar, India.
Dipankar Barman
Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore, India.
Himanshu Sekhar Behera
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Punjab-144411, India.
Sharan S P
Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi-110012, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A significant amount of the world's population relies heavily on rice, which is grown in both lowland and upland rice systems. Irrigated lowland rice systems account for over 76% of the world's rice production. Although the aerobic rice system can be viewed as a revolutionary substitute for conventional rice, increased nitrogen (N) losses and decreased N-use efficiency (NUE) have made it difficult for this novel method to be widely adopted. One of the most crucial ingredients in the cultivation of rice is nitrogen (N). Less than 50% of N is recovered in both lowland and highland systems. Soil erosion, volatilisation, leaching, and denitrification account for the majority of the loss of applied nitrogen. Consequently, it will be prudent to maximise the use of nitrogenous fertilisers in order to achieve high yields and maintain a level of production costs that can be sustained. For rice cultivation in the aforementioned scenario, nitrogenous fertiliser needs to be used more wisely and efficiently. This review focusses on the various production practices that can increase the efficiency with which N is used, such as liming acid soils, providing N at appropriate rates, using appropriate sources, applying N at the right time and method, rotating crops, using cover crops, implementing conservation tillage, planting N-efficient genotypes.
Keywords: Aerobic rice, rice ecosystems, nutrient use efficiency, nitrogen management, agronomic practices