Chilgoza Pine: A Comprehensive Review on Ecology, Cultivation, and Economic Potential of an Underutilized Nut Crop
Abhishek Pratap Singh
Department of Fruit Science, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj Ayodhya Uttar Pradesh, India.
A. Krishnamoorthi *
Division of Plant Genetic Resources, The Graduate School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110012, India.
G. Ranganna
Horticultural Research Station, Vijayarai, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, 534475, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Pothuraju Pradeep Kumar
Department of Fruit Science, Dr. YSR Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem-534101, India.
Prabakaran S
Division of Plant Genetic Resources, The Graduate School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110012, India.
Vani N U
SRF AICRP on Fruits, ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru, India.
Shivali Sharma
Department of Fruit Science, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Ashok Kumar
Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture and Allied Science, HNB Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar (Garhwal)-246 174, Uttarakhand, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Chilgoza pine (Pinus gerardiana L.) is an underutilized nut crop native to the high-altitude regions of South Asia, particularly the western Himalayas. This comprehensive review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of Chilgoza pine's ecology, cultivation practices, and economic potential. The review synthesizes current knowledge on the tree’s ecological requirements, including its adaptation to arid and mountainous environments. It examines cultivation techniques, challenges faced in agronomic practices, and recent advancements in improving yield and quality. Additionally, the economic potential of Chilgoza pine is explored, highlighting its role in local economies, market trends, and opportunities for commercialization. This review underscores the significance of Chilgoza pine in sustainable agriculture and its potential as a high-value nut crop.
Keywords: Chilgoza pine, Pinus gerardiana, nut crop, ecology, agronomic practices, commercialization