Population Dynamics and Eco-Friendly Management of Major Insect-Pests on Tomato under Open Field and Polyhouse Conditions: A Review
Dharmendar Singh
Department of Entomology, CCSHAU, Hisar, India.
Rajesh Kumar
Department of Entomology, CCSHAU, Hisar, India.
Surender Singh Yadav
Department of Entomology, CCSHAU, Hisar, India.
Meenu *
Department of Entomology, CCSHAU, Hisar, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Tomato is cultivated globally under both open-field and protected environments, with its productivity profoundly influenced by a range of abiotic and biotic factors. Among the biotic stresses, insect pests—particularly fruit borer, whiteflies, and leaf miners—are among the most significant contributors to yield losses worldwide. Understanding the population dynamics of these pests in relation to abiotic factors, especially weather conditions, is essential for devising effective management strategies. However, the widespread and often indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides has resulted in substantial environmental damage and health concerns. This highlights the urgent need to integrate eco-friendly alternatives into sustainable Integrated Pest Management (IPM) systems. This review examines the impact of weather parameters on pest populations and explores environmentally sustainable approaches for managing major insect pests in tomato production.
Keywords: Abiotic, biotic, cultivated, IPM, protected