Genetic Diversity Assessment in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Genotypes Using D2 Statistics and PCA
S. Qudsia Gulraize *
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, PJTAU, RJNR, Hyderabad, India.
SNCVL. Pushpavalli
Institute of Biotechnology, PJTAU, RJNR, Hyderabad, India.
B. Laxmi Prasanna
Rice Research Unit, ARI, RJNR, Hyderabad, India.
G. Padmaja
Regional Agricultural Research Station, PJTAU, Warangal, Telangana, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. 2n=2x=22, Fabaceae) is the third major pulse crop covering nearly 8 percent of the total pulse area of the country after chickpea and pigeonpea.
Aim: To study the genetic diversity among mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) genotypes using D2 statistics and PCA.
Study Design: Randomized Block Design.
Place and Duration of Study: College of Agriculture, PJTAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana during summer season in 2025.
Methodology: The study material comprised of 37 mungbean genotypes including three checks which were sown in two rows of 3 meter each in three replications and a spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm. Observations were recorded on nine agro-morphological characters. Statistical analysis was conducted using INDOSTAT software for genetic diversity and principal component analysis.
Results: Analysis of variance showed that there was significant variation among all characters examined. Thirty-seven mungbean genotypes were grouped into seven distinct clusters. Cluster I was largest with 31 genotypes and remaining were monogenotypic clusters.
Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster V and VII. Genotypes in Cluster V and cluster VI recorded highest mean values for most of the yield contributing traits. The first four principal components explained 80.02% of the total variation. Hundred seed weight contributed to maximum genetic divergence followed by number of pods per plant.
Conclusion: The genotypes from cluster V and cluster VI can be used as parents for yield improvement.
Keywords: Genetic divergence, D2 analysis, mungbean, principal component analysis