Assessing Molecular Diversity of Tropical Maize Inbred Lines Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphic (SNP) Markers
Sharanu S G *
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, UAS, Raichur 584104, Karnataka, India.
Ayyanagouda Patil
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, UAS, Raichur 584104, Karnataka, India.
P.H. Kuchanur
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Bheemarayanagudi-585287 (UAS, Raichur), Karnataka, India.
Sudha Nair
Global Maize Programme, CIMMYT Int., ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Telanagana, India.
Kisan B
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, UAS, Raichur 584104, Karnataka, India.
Sharanabasappa B Yeri
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Zonal Agricultural Research Station, Kalaburagi-585101, Karnataka, India.
M.T. Vinayan
Global Maize Programme, CIMMYT Int., ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Telanagana, India.
P.H. Zaidi
Global Maize Programme, CIMMYT Int., ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Telanagana, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Advances in genotyping technologies have changed how breeders study and manage maize genetics. Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) helped researchers understand the molecular diversity among tropical maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines, The present study was conducted to assess the molecular diversity and population structure of 107 tropical maize inbred lines collected from working germplasm programs using SNP markers. A total of 97 genome-wide SNP markers were employed for genotyping through the KASP assay. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.018 to 0.375 with an overall mean of 0.285, indicating that the majority of markers were moderately informative. Hierarchical clustering grouped the inbred lines into three major clusters, reflecting clear genetic differentiation among the tropical maize inbred lines. Principal component analysis (PCA) further validated these findings by identifying highly divergent lines Viz., AHG-122, CIMMYT-22, BHG-20 and AHG-110-1. The congruence between UPGMA clustering and PCA confirmed the robustness of the diversity analysis. These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic relationships among tropical maize inbreds and highlight the utility of SNP markers in guiding the selection of parental lines for hybrid development.
Keywords: Molecular diversity, Polymorphism Information Content (PIC), SNP markers, inbred lines, UPGMA